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Foie gras
Foie gras (, French for "fat liver") is a luxury food product made of the liver of a duck or goose that has been specially fattened. By French law,〔French rural code (Code rural – Article L654-27-1 ): フランス語:"''On entend par foie gras, le foie d'un canard ou d'une oie spécialement engraissé par gavage.''" ("'Foie gras' is understood to mean the liver of a duck or a goose that has been specially fattened by gavage, also served with toast").〕 foie gras is defined as the liver of a duck or goose fattened by force-feeding corn with a feeding tube, a process also known as gavage. In Spain〔The Perennial Plate: Episode 121: A Time for Foie. (). June 2013.〕 and other countries outside of France it is occasionally produced using natural feeding.〔Ted Talks: Dan Barber's foie gras parable. (). July 2008.〕 Ducks are force-fed twice a day for 12.5 days and geese three times a day for around 17 days. Ducks are typically slaughtered at 100 days and geese at 112 days.〔
Foie gras is a popular and well-known delicacy in French cuisine. Its flavor is described as rich, buttery, and delicate, unlike that of an ordinary duck or goose liver. Foie gras is sold whole, or is prepared into mousse, parfait, or pâté, and may also be served as an accompaniment to another food item, such as steak. French law states that "Foie gras belongs to the protected cultural and gastronomical heritage of France."〔French rural code (L654-27-1 )〕
The technique of gavage dates as far back as 2500 BC, when the ancient Egyptians began keeping birds for food and deliberately fattened the birds through force-feeding.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ancient Egypt: Farmed and domesticated animals )〕 Today, France is by far the largest producer and consumer of foie gras, though it is produced and consumed worldwide, particularly in other European nations, the United States, and China.〔(A Global Taste Test of Foie Gras and Truffles : NPR )〕
Gavage-based foie gras production is controversial, due mainly to the animal welfare concerns about force-feeding, intensive housing and husbandry, and enlarging the liver to 10 times its usual volume. A number of countries and jurisdictions have laws against force-feeding, and the production, import or sale of foie gras; even where it is legal, a number of retailers decline to stock it.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Foie gras」の詳細全文を読む
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